One of the most basic and pervasive security vulnerabilities for networked computing environments is the use of logins and passwords, an exposure that always lands at or near the top of most every security expert's list of vulnerabilities. By 2005, business and government spending on VPNs, firewalls and other network access control technologies will top $14.2 billion, according to IDC. However, too many of many of these security systems also rely on passwords, authenticators which can be defeated by sloppy habits (i.e. writing down passwords in the workspace), by social engineering or through scripted, automated attacks that even novices can download and operate.


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